A dictionary of word histories

Every word has a past.

Trace the languages, people, and ideas that shaped the English we speak today.

Try: Latin · American English · Old English

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English is a living archive. Follow its vocabulary back through conquest, commerce, scholarship, migration, and everyday speech.

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  • Latin

    Aura

    Aura means the distinctive atmosphere or quality that seems to surround a person, place or thing.

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  • Latin

    Fetus

    Fetus means an unborn mammal in the later stages of development; in humans, from about eight weeks after conception until …

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  • Origin unknown

    Simba

    Simba is the Swahili word for lion, known worldwide as the name of the lion hero of Disney's The Lion …

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  • American English

    Scallywag

    Scallywag means a mischievous or rascally person, often said playfully of a child.

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  • Old English

    Good morning

    Good morning is a greeting used when meeting or speaking to someone in the morning.

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  • Latin Abbreviation (typically functioning as a noun)

    Segs

    The informal abbreviation "segs" almost invariably originates from the word "segment." This word itself traces its roots back to Latin …

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See language change

How a word travels

Meanings drift. Spellings settle. A borrowed word becomes familiar, then begins a life of its own.

  1. RootThe earliest recoverable form
  2. BorrowingA word crosses into another language
  3. ShiftSound, spelling, or meaning changes
  4. TodayThe form and sense we now recognize

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